Education System & Quality

Learning Poverty: 55% of Grade 5 students in rural government schools cannot read Grade 2 level text or perform basic subtraction

Massive Teacher Vacancies: Over 1.0 million teaching positions lie vacant in public primary and secondary schools across India

Pupil-Teacher Ratio Imbalance: Over 35% of primary schools breach the mandatory 30:1 pupil-teacher ratio specified under RTI Act

Severe Infrastructure Deficit: 24% of government schools lack functional electricity, and 16% lack separate functional toilets for girls

Digital Divide: Less than 34% of public schools have internet-connected computer labs for digital literacy

NEP 2020 Funding Gap: Public education expenditure stands at ~2.9% of GDP against the National Education Policy target of 6.0%

Exam Cheating & Evaluation Anomalies: Widespread paper leaks and grading irregularities in state board examinations

Vocational Integration Lag: Less than 5% of secondary school students receive formal vocational skill training